Examples include:

• low-cost solution
• reduces additional impermeable surface coverage of the floodplain
• protects and conserves water meadows for wildlife and recreation
• reduces insurance costs when property is flooded

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Examples include:

• benefits wildlife by creating habitats
• it’s a natural method of intercepting precipitation and slowing water transfer in a river basin
• absorbs and stores carbon reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
• relatively inexpensive.

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Examples include:

• flood warnings
• flood plain zoning
• planting trees
• river restoration

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Soft engineering involves working with nature and adapting to a river and learning to live with it.

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Examples include:

• it can reduce habitat diversity when hillsides are covered in tree
• it can lead to acidity in the soil
• the loss of farmland

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