At a constructive plate margin magma rises between two tectonic plates. The plates move away from each other due to ridge push and slab pull. The magma cools to form a new plate. On land rift valleys form such as the East African rift valley. Where two oceanic plates move apart new islands can be formed e.g. Iceland.

It is made up of semi-molten rock called magma.

A natural hazard is a natural event such as an earthquake, volcanic eruption, tropical storm or flood that has the potential to cause death and damage.

A long, narrow valley lying between two normal geologic faults. Rift valleys usually form where the Earth’s lithosphere has become thin through extension associated with plate-tectonic processes.