Urban Issues and Challenges

Resources to support you using Internet Geography Work Booklets

Booklet Home | Urban Issues and Challenges Booklet

Quick Links

Urban Issues and Challenges Booklet

The resources on this page have been designed to support students completing the Internet Geography Plus work booklet covering the AQA GCSE Geography Urban Issues and Challenges work booklet. Subscribers can download this booklet. Not got a subscription? Take out a low-cost annual subscription here.

AQA Urban Issues and Challenges Work Booklet

Lesson Resources

Pin It on Pinterest

Share This

/*# sourceURL=wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css */ img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px; } /*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/common.min.css */ :root { --wp-block-synced-color: #7a00df; --wp-block-synced-color--rgb: 122, 0, 223; --wp-bound-block-color: var(--wp-block-synced-color); --wp-editor-canvas-background: #ddd; --wp-admin-theme-color: #007cba; --wp-admin-theme-color--rgb: 0, 124, 186; --wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10: #006ba1; --wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10--rgb: 0, 107, 160.5; --wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20: #005a87; --wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20--rgb: 0, 90, 135; --wp-admin-border-width-focus: 2px; } @media (min-resolution:192dpi) { :root { --wp-admin-border-width-focus: 1.5px; } } .wp-element-button { cursor: pointer; } :root .has-very-light-gray-background-color { background-color: #eee; } :root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color { background-color: #313131; } :root .has-very-light-gray-color { color: #eee; } :root .has-very-dark-gray-color { color: #313131; } :root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #00d084, #0693e3); } :root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #34e2e4, #4721fb 50%, #ab1dfe); } :root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #faaca8, #dad0ec); } :root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fafae1, #67a671); } :root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fdd79a, #004a59); } :root .has-nightshade-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #330968, #31cdcf); } :root .has-midnight-gradient-background { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #020381, #2874fc); } :root { --wp--preset--font-size--normal: 16px; --wp--preset--font-size--huge: 42px; } .has-regular-font-size { font-size: 1em; } .has-larger-font-size { font-size: 2.625em; } .has-normal-font-size { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal); } .has-huge-font-size { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge); } :root .has-text-align-center { text-align: center; } :root .has-text-align-left { text-align: left; } :root .has-text-align-right { text-align: right; } .has-fit-text { white-space: nowrap !important; } #end-resizable-editor-section { display: none; } .aligncenter { clear: both; } .items-justified-left { justify-content: flex-start; } .items-justified-center { justify-content: center; } .items-justified-right { justify-content: flex-end; } .items-justified-space-between { justify-content: space-between; } .screen-reader-text { word-wrap: normal !important; border: 0; clip-path: inset(50%); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; } .screen-reader-text:focus { background-color: #ddd; clip-path: none; color: #444; display: block; font-size: 1em; height: auto; left: 5px; line-height: normal; padding: 15px 23px 14px; text-decoration: none; top: 5px; width: auto; z-index: 100000; } html :where(.has-border-color) { border-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-color]) { border-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-top-color]) { border-top-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-right-color]) { border-right-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]) { border-bottom-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-left-color]) { border-left-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-width]) { border-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-top-width]) { border-top-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-right-width]) { border-right-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]) { border-bottom-style: solid; } html :where([style*=border-left-width]) { border-left-style: solid; } html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]) { height: auto; max-width: 100%; } :where(figure) { margin: 0 0 1em; } html :where(.is-position-sticky) { --wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset: var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height, 0px); } @media screen and (max-width:600px) { html :where(.is-position-sticky) { --wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset: 0px; } } /*# sourceURL=global-styles-inline-css */ :root { --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1; --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3; --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4; --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2; --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3; --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9; --wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16; --wp--preset--color--black: #000; --wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3; --wp--preset--color--white: #fff; --wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7; --wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e; --wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900; --wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900; --wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5; --wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084; --wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc; --wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3; --wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0; --wp--preset--color--metallic-red: #b02b2c; --wp--preset--color--maximum-yellow-red: #edae44; --wp--preset--color--yellow-sun: #ee2; --wp--preset--color--palm-leaf: #83a846; --wp--preset--color--aero: #7bb0e7; --wp--preset--color--old-lavender: #745f7e; --wp--preset--color--steel-teal: #5f8789; --wp--preset--color--raspberry-pink: #d65799; --wp--preset--color--medium-turquoise: #4ecac2; --wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg, #0693e3 0%, #9b51e0 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg, #7adcb4 0%, #00d082 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg, #fcb900 0%, #ff6900 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff6900 0%, #cf2e2e 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg, #eee 0%, #a9b8c3 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg, #4aeadc 0%, #9778d1 20%, #cf2aba 40%, #ee2c82 60%, #fb6962 80%, #fef84c 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffceec 0%, #9896f0 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg, #fecda5 0%, #fe2d2d 50%, #6b003e 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffcb70 0%, #c751c0 50%, #4158d0 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff5cb 0%, #b6e3d4 50%, #33a7b5 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg, #caf880 0%, #71ce7e 100%); --wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg, #020381 0%, #2874fc 100%); --wp--preset--font-size--small: 1rem; --wp--preset--font-size--medium: 1.125rem; --wp--preset--font-size--large: 1.75rem; --wp--preset--font-size--x-large: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.25rem); --wp--preset--spacing--20: .44rem; --wp--preset--spacing--30: .67rem; --wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem; --wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem; --wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem; --wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem; --wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem; --wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); --wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4); --wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); --wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px #fff, 6px 6px #000; --wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px #000; } :root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 800px; --wp--style--global--wide-size: 1130px; } :where(body) { margin: 0; } .wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; } .wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; } .wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } :where(.is-layout-flex) { gap: .5em; } :where(.is-layout-grid) { gap: .5em; } .is-layout-flow > .alignleft { float: left; margin-inline-start: 0; margin-inline-end: 2em; } .is-layout-flow > .alignright { float: right; margin-inline-start: 2em; margin-inline-end: 0; } .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; } .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft { float: left; margin-inline-start: 0; margin-inline-end: 2em; } .is-layout-constrained > .alignright { float: right; margin-inline-start: 2em; margin-inline-end: 0; } .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; } .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)) { max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size); margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; } .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide { max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size); } body .is-layout-flex { display: flex; } .is-layout-flex { flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; } .is-layout-flex > :is(*, div) { margin: 0; } body .is-layout-grid { display: grid; } .is-layout-grid > :is(*, div) { margin: 0; } body { padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; } :root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link) { background-color: #32373c; border-width: 0; color: #fff; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding-top: calc(.667em + 2px); padding-right: calc(1.333em + 2px); padding-bottom: calc(.667em + 2px); padding-left: calc(1.333em + 2px); text-decoration: none; text-transform: inherit; } .has-black-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important; } .has-cyan-bluish-gray-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important; } .has-white-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important; } .has-pale-pink-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important; } .has-vivid-red-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-orange-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-amber-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important; } .has-light-green-cyan-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important; } .has-vivid-green-cyan-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important; } .has-pale-cyan-blue-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important; } .has-vivid-cyan-blue-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important; } .has-vivid-purple-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important; } .has-metallic-red-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--metallic-red) !important; } .has-maximum-yellow-red-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--maximum-yellow-red) !important; } .has-yellow-sun-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--yellow-sun) !important; } .has-palm-leaf-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--palm-leaf) !important; } .has-aero-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--aero) !important; } .has-old-lavender-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--old-lavender) !important; } .has-steel-teal-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--steel-teal) !important; } .has-raspberry-pink-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--raspberry-pink) !important; } .has-medium-turquoise-color { color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-turquoise) !important; } .has-black-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important; } .has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important; } .has-white-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important; } .has-pale-pink-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important; } .has-vivid-red-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important; } .has-light-green-cyan-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important; } .has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important; } .has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important; } .has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important; } .has-vivid-purple-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important; } .has-metallic-red-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--metallic-red) !important; } .has-maximum-yellow-red-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--maximum-yellow-red) !important; } .has-yellow-sun-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--yellow-sun) !important; } .has-palm-leaf-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--palm-leaf) !important; } .has-aero-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--aero) !important; } .has-old-lavender-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--old-lavender) !important; } .has-steel-teal-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--steel-teal) !important; } .has-raspberry-pink-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--raspberry-pink) !important; } .has-medium-turquoise-background-color { background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-turquoise) !important; } .has-black-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important; } .has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important; } .has-white-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important; } .has-pale-pink-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important; } .has-vivid-red-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important; } .has-light-green-cyan-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important; } .has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important; } .has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important; } .has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important; } .has-vivid-purple-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important; } .has-metallic-red-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--metallic-red) !important; } .has-maximum-yellow-red-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--maximum-yellow-red) !important; } .has-yellow-sun-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--yellow-sun) !important; } .has-palm-leaf-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--palm-leaf) !important; } .has-aero-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--aero) !important; } .has-old-lavender-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--old-lavender) !important; } .has-steel-teal-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--steel-teal) !important; } .has-raspberry-pink-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--raspberry-pink) !important; } .has-medium-turquoise-border-color { border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-turquoise) !important; } .has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important; } .has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important; } .has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important; } .has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important; } .has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important; } .has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important; } .has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important; } .has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important; } .has-pale-ocean-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important; } .has-electric-grass-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important; } .has-midnight-gradient-background { background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important; } .has-small-font-size { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important; } .has-medium-font-size { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important; } .has-large-font-size { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important; } .has-x-large-font-size { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important; } /*# sourceURL=woocommerce-inline-inline-css */ .woocommerce form .form-row .required { visibility: visible; } img#wpstats { display: none; } #top #header_main > .container, #top #header_main > .container .main_menu .av-main-nav > li > a, #top #header_main #menu-item-shop .cart_dropdown_link { height: 70px; line-height: 70px; } .html_top_nav_header .av-logo-container { height: 70px; } .html_header_top.html_header_sticky #top #wrap_all #main { padding-top: 152px; } .lazyload { background-image: none !important; } .lazyload:before { background-image: none !important; } .lazyload.nitro-lazy { background-image: none !important; } .ls-container, .ls-wp-container { visibility: hidden; position: relative; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; } .ls-inner { position: relative; width: 100%; height: 100%; background-position: center center; z-index: 30; } .ls-wp-fullwidth-container { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ls-wp-fullwidth-helper { position: absolute; } ls-scene-wrapper { width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; display: block !important; position: relative !important; --ls-progress: min(var(--ls-duration), var(--ls-stickduration, var(--ls-duration))); } ls-scene-wrapper:not(.ls-layout-fixedsize) { --ls-ratio-base: calc(100% / var(--ls-ratio, 999999999)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-layout-fixedsize { --ls-ratio-base: var(--ls-height); } ls-scene-wrapper { --ls-offset-full: calc(100vh - var(--ls-ratio-base)); --ls-offset-half: calc(var(--ls-offset-full) / 2); --ls-p-minus-50: calc(var(--ls-progress) - 50vh); --ls-p-minus-100: calc(var(--ls-progress) - 100vh); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-center.ls-playfrom-stick:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-progress); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-center.ls-playfrom-top:after { --ls-padding: calc(var(--ls-progress) + var(--ls-offset-half)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-center.ls-playfrom-center:after { --ls-padding: calc(var(--ls-p-minus-50) + var(--ls-offset-half)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-center.ls-playfrom-bottom:after { --ls-padding: calc(var(--ls-p-minus-100) + var(--ls-offset-half)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-top.ls-playfrom-stick:after, ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-top.ls-playfrom-top:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-progress); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-top.ls-playfrom-center:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-p-minus-50); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-top.ls-playfrom-bottom:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-p-minus-100); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-bottom.ls-playfrom-stick:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-progress); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-bottom.ls-playfrom-top:after { --ls-padding: calc(var(--ls-progress) + var(--ls-offset-full)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-bottom.ls-playfrom-center:after { --ls-padding: calc(var(--ls-p-minus-50) + var(--ls-offset-full)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-stickto-bottom.ls-playfrom-bottom:after { --ls-padding: calc(var(--ls-p-minus-100) + var(--ls-offset-full)); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-playfrom-stick.ls-layout-fullsize:after, ls-scene-wrapper.ls-playfrom-top.ls-layout-fullsize:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-progress); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-playfrom-center.ls-layout-fullsize:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-p-minus-50); } ls-scene-wrapper.ls-playfrom-bottom.ls-layout-fullsize:after { --ls-padding: var(--ls-p-minus-100); } ls-scene-wrapper:after { content: ""; display: block; width: 100%; padding-bottom: var(--ls-padding, 0px); } ls-scene-wrapper .ls-container { position: sticky !important; top: 0; } ls-silent-wrapper { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; z-index: -1 !important; visibility: hidden !important; opacity: 0 !important; pointer-events: none !important; position: fixed !important; left: -200vw; top: -200vh; } ls-scene-wrapper[data-disabled-scene] { height: auto !important; } ls-scene-wrapper[data-disabled-scene]:after { display: none !important; } .ls-slide-bgcolor, .ls-slide-backgrounds, .ls-slide-effects, .ls-background-videos, .ls-bg-video-overlay { -o-transform: translateZ(0); -ms-transform: translateZ(0); -moz-transform: translateZ(0); -webkit-transform: translateZ(0); transform: translateZ(0); } .ls-layers, .ls-slide-bgcolor, .ls-slide-backgrounds, .ls-slide-effects, .ls-background-videos, .ls-bg-video-overlay { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; overflow: hidden; } .ls-text-layer .ls-ch .ls-grad-bg-overflow { display: block; position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: -1; } .ls-wrapper { padding: 0 !important; visibility: visible !important; border: 0 !important; z-index: 1; } .ls-wrapper.ls-fix-textnodes .ls-ln, .ls-wrapper.ls-fix-textnodes .ls-wd, .ls-wrapper.ls-fix-textnodes .ls-ch { position: static !important; transform: none !important; } .ls-wrapper .ls-ln { white-space: nowrap; } .ls-layer.ls-has-chars .ls-wd { position: static !important; } .ls-layer.ls-has-chars .ls-ch { position: relative !important; } .ls-layer.ls-has-words .ls-wd { position: relative !important; } .ls-layer.ls-has-lines .ls-ln { position: relative !important; } .ls-layer .ls-ch, .ls-layer .ls-wd, .ls-layer .ls-ln { text-decoration: inherit; } .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-in][data-ls-mask-text-in] .ls-ch, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-in][data-ls-mask-text-in] .ls-wd, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-in][data-ls-mask-text-in] .ls-ln, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-out][data-ls-mask-text-out] .ls-ch, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-out][data-ls-mask-text-out] .ls-wd, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-out][data-ls-mask-text-out] .ls-ln { clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); } .ls-textnode-dummy { display: inline-block !important; visibility: hidden !important; pointer-events: none !important; } .ls-textnode-bgclip-wrap { left: 0; top: 0; position: absolute; background-clip: text; -webkit-background-clip: text; text-fill-color: transparent; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; text-align: left !important; pointer-events: none !important; } .ls-textnode { color: transparent; text-fill-color: transparent; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; } .ls-wrapper.ls-force-display-block { display: block !important; } .ls-wrapper.ls-force-visibility-hidden { visibility: hidden !important; } .ls-wrapper.ls-force-left-0 { left: 0 !important; } .ls-wrapper.ls-force-width-auto { width: auto !important; } .ls-force-height-auto { height: auto !important; } .ls-wrapper.ls-force-full-size { width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; } .ls-layer.ls-force-no-transform, .ls-wrapper.ls-force-no-transform { transform: none !important; } .ls-force-no-transform .ls-ln, .ls-force-no-transform .ls-wd, .ls-force-no-transform .ls-ch { transform: none !important; } .ls-background-videos { z-index: 1; } .ls-bg-video-overlay { z-index: 21; background-repeat: repeat; background-position: center center; } .ls-slide-backgrounds { z-index: 2; } .ls-slide-effects { z-index: 4; } .ls-slide-bgcolor { z-index: 1; } .ls-layers { z-index: 35; } .ls-z, .ls-parallax, .ls-in-out, .ls-scroll, .ls-scroll-transform, .ls-loop, .ls-clip { position: absolute !important; width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0; left: 0; } .ls-clip, .ls-m-layers-clip { clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 100% 0%, 100% 100%, 0% 100%); } .ls-layers-clip { clip: rect(0px, var(--sw), var(--sh), 0px); } .ls-z { width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; top: 0 !important; left: 0 !important; bottom: auto !important; right: auto !important; display: block !important; overflow: visible !important; pointer-events: none !important; } .ls-z.ls-wrapper.ls-pinned { position: fixed !important; } .ls-slide-backgrounds .ls-wrapper.ls-z { overflow: hidden !important; } .ls-inner-wrapper { pointer-events: auto; } .ls-inner-wrapper * { pointer-events: inherit; } .ls-in-out { display: none; } .ls-loop, .ls-clip { display: block !important; } .ls-parallax, .ls-in-out, .ls-scroll, .ls-scroll-transform, .ls-loop, .ls-z { background: none !important; } .ls-bg-wrap, .ls-loop { margin: 0 !important; } .ls-wrapper > .ls-layer, .ls-wrapper > a > .ls-layer .ls-wrapper > .ls-bg { line-height: normal; white-space: nowrap; word-wrap: normal; margin-right: 0 !important; margin-bottom: 0 !important; } .ls-wrapper > .ls-layer, ls-liquify-wrapper > ls-layer, .ls-wrapper > a > .ls-layer { position: static !important; display: block !important; transform: translateZ(0); } .ls-bg-wrap, .ls-bg-outer { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; } .ls-bg-wrap { display: none; } .ls-bg-outer { overflow: hidden !important; } .ls-wrapper > a.ls-layer-link, ls-liquify-wrapper > a.ls-layer-link { cursor: pointer !important; display: block !important; position: absolute !important; left: 0 !important; top: 0 !important; width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; z-index: 10; -o-transform: translateZ(100px); -ms-transform: translateZ(100px); -moz-transform: translateZ(100px); -webkit-transform: translateZ(100px); transform: translateZ(100px); background: url("data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7") !important; } .ls-l[data-prefix]:before, .ls-layer[data-prefix]:before { position: relative; display: inline-block; content: attr(data-prefix); } .ls-l[data-suffix]:after, .ls-layer[data-suffix]:after { position: relative; display: inline-block; content: attr(data-suffix); } .ls-l[data-prefix]:before, .ls-layer[data-prefix]:before, .ls-l[data-suffix]:after, .ls-layer[data-suffix]:after { color: var(--ls-affix-color, currentColor); transform: translateY(var(--ls-affix-va, 0em)); font-size: var(--ls-affix-fs, 1em); font-family: var(--ls-affix-ff, inherit); font-weight: var(--ls-affix-fw, inherit); } .ls-l[data-prefix]:before, .ls-layer[data-prefix]:before, .ls-l[data-suffix]:after, .ls-layer[data-suffix]:after { display: var(--ls-affix-nl, inline-block); } .ls-l[data-prefix].ls-affix-float:before, .ls-layer[data-prefix].ls-affix-float:before, .ls-l[data-suffix].ls-affix-float:after, .ls-layer[data-suffix].ls-affix-float:after { position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 50%; transform: translate(calc(-50% + var(--ls-affix-ha, 0em)), calc(-50% + var(--ls-affix-va, 0em))); } .ls-l[data-prefix]:before, .ls-layer[data-prefix]:before { margin-right: var(--ls-affix-ha, 0em); } .ls-l[data-suffix]:after, .ls-layer[data-suffix]:after { margin-left: var(--ls-affix-ha, 0em); } .ls-gui-element { z-index: 40; text-decoration: none !important; } .ls-loading-container { position: absolute !important; display: none; left: 50% !important; top: 50% !important; } .ls-loading-indicator { margin: 0 auto; } .ls-media-unmute { visibility: hidden; position: absolute; left: 16px; top: 16px; width: 30px; height: 30px; cursor: pointer; opacity: .65; } .ls-media-unmute-active { visibility: visible; } .ls-media-unmute-bg { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; border-radius: 30px; border: 0 solid white; transform: scale(.1); background: rgba(0, 0, 0, .25); box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); } .ls-icon-muted, .ls-icon-unmuted { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center; background-size: 20px; transform: scale(.1); } .ls-media-unmute-active .ls-media-unmute-bg { border: 2px solid white; } .ls-media-unmute-active .ls-icon-muted, .ls-media-unmute-active .ls-icon-unmuted, .ls-media-unmute-active .ls-media-unmute-bg { transform: scale(1) !important; } .ls-icon-muted { background-image: url("https://cdn-ilegfhd.nitrocdn.com/AGVjSsfBDzdDJuHGQkTwHHyCNgrEhqof/assets/images/optimized/rev-c1165c5/www.internetgeography.net/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/assets/static/layerslider/img/icon-muted-white.png"); opacity: 1; } .ls-icon-muted.nitro-lazy { background-image: none !important; } .ls-icon-unmuted { background-image: url("https://cdn-ilegfhd.nitrocdn.com/AGVjSsfBDzdDJuHGQkTwHHyCNgrEhqof/assets/images/optimized/rev-c1165c5/www.internetgeography.net/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/assets/static/layerslider/img/icon-unmuted-white.png"); opacity: 0; } .ls-icon-unmuted.nitro-lazy { background-image: none !important; } .ls-media-unmute:hover { opacity: 1; } .ls-media-unmute:hover .ls-icon-muted { opacity: 0; } .ls-media-unmute:hover .ls-icon-unmuted { opacity: 1; } .ls-media-unmute-bg, .ls-icon-unmuted, .ls-media-unmute, .ls-icon-muted { transition: all .3s ease-in-out !important; } .ls-bottom-slidebuttons { text-align: left; } .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper, .ls-below-thumbnails { height: 0; position: relative; text-align: center; margin: 0 auto; } .ls-below-thumbnails { display: none; } .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a, .ls-nav-prev, .ls-nav-next { outline: none; } .ls-bottom-slidebuttons { position: relative; } .ls-bottom-slidebuttons, .ls-nav-start, .ls-nav-stop, .ls-nav-sides { position: relative; } .ls-nothumb { text-align: center !important; } .ls-link, .ls-link:hover { position: absolute !important; width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; left: 0 !important; top: 0 !important; } .ls-link { display: none; } .ls-link-on-top { z-index: 999999 !important; } .ls-link, .ls-wrapper > a > * { background-image: url("data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"); } .ls-link.nitro-lazy, .ls-wrapper > a > *.nitro-lazy { background-image: none !important; } .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper, .ls-thumbnail-wrapper, .ls-nav-prev, .ls-nav-next { visibility: hidden; } .ls-bar-timer { position: absolute; width: 0; height: 2px; background: white; border-bottom: 2px solid #555; opacity: .55; top: 0; } .ls-circle-timer { width: 16px; height: 16px; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 10px; opacity: .65; display: none; } .ls-container .ls-circle-timer, .ls-container .ls-circle-timer * { box-sizing: border-box !important; } .ls-ct-half { border: 4px solid white; } .ls-ct-left, .ls-ct-right { width: 50%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; } .ls-ct-left, .ls-ct-right { position: absolute; } .ls-ct-left { left: 0; } .ls-ct-right { left: 50%; } .ls-ct-rotate { width: 200%; height: 100%; position: absolute; top: 0; } .ls-ct-left .ls-ct-rotate, .ls-ct-right .ls-ct-hider, .ls-ct-right .ls-ct-half { left: 0; } .ls-ct-right .ls-ct-rotate, .ls-ct-left .ls-ct-hider, .ls-ct-left .ls-ct-half { right: 0; } .ls-ct-hider, .ls-ct-half { position: absolute; top: 0; } .ls-ct-hider { width: 50%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; } .ls-ct-half { width: 200%; height: 100%; } .ls-ct-center { width: 100%; height: 100%; left: 0; top: 0; position: absolute; border: 4px solid black; opacity: .2; } .ls-ct-half, .ls-ct-center { border-radius: 100px; -moz-border-radius: 100px; -webkit-border-radius: 100px; } .ls-slidebar-container { margin: 10px auto; } .ls-slidebar-container, .ls-slidebar { position: relative; } .ls-progressbar, .ls-slidebar-slider-container { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; } .ls-progressbar { width: 0; height: 100%; z-index: 1; } .ls-slidebar-slider-container { z-index: 2; } .ls-slidebar-slider { position: static !important; cursor: pointer; } .ls-slidebar { height: 10px; background-color: #ddd; } .ls-slidebar, .ls-progressbar { border-radius: 10px; } .ls-progressbar { background-color: #bbb; } .ls-slidebar-slider-container { top: 50%; } .ls-slidebar-slider { width: 20px; height: 20px; border-radius: 20px; background-color: #999; } .ls-slidebar-light .ls-slidebar { height: 8px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; } .ls-slidebar-light .ls-slidebar, .ls-slidebar-light .ls-progressbar { border-radius: 10px; } .ls-slidebar-light .ls-progressbar { background-color: #eee; } .ls-slidebar-light .ls-slidebar-slider-container { top: 50%; } .ls-slidebar-light .ls-slidebar-slider { width: 18px; height: 18px; border-radius: 20px; background-color: #eee; border: 1px solid #bbb; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; border-bottom: 1px solid #999; } .ls-tn { display: none !important; } .ls-thumbnail-hover { display: none; position: absolute; left: 0; } .ls-thumbnail-hover-inner { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; display: none; } .ls-thumbnail-hover-bg { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; left: 0; top: 0; } .ls-thumbnail-hover-img { position: absolute; overflow: hidden; } .ls-thumbnail-hover img { max-width: none !important; position: absolute; display: inline-block; visibility: visible !important; left: 50%; top: 0; } .ls-thumbnail-hover span { left: 50%; top: 100%; width: 0; height: 0; display: block; position: absolute; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; } .ls-thumbnail-wrapper { position: relative; width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; } .ls-thumbnail-wrapper.ls-thumbnail-fill a img { width: 100%; } .ls-thumbnail { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; } .ls-thumbnail-inner, .ls-thumbnail-slide-container { width: 100%; } .ls-thumbnail-slide-container { overflow: hidden !important; position: relative; } .ls-thumbnail-slide { text-align: center; white-space: nowrap; float: left; position: relative; } .ls-thumbnail-slide a { overflow: hidden; display: inline-block; width: 0; height: 0; position: relative; } .ls-thumbnail-slide img { max-width: none !important; max-height: 100% !important; height: 100%; visibility: visible !important; background-position: center !important; } .ls-touchscroll { overflow-x: auto !important; } .ls-shadow { display: none; position: absolute; z-index: 10 !important; top: 100%; width: 100%; left: 0; overflow: hidden !important; visibility: hidden; } .ls-shadow img { width: 100% !important; height: auto !important; position: absolute !important; left: 0 !important; bottom: 0 !important; } .ls-media-layer { overflow: hidden; } .ls-vpcontainer, .ls-videopreview { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; cursor: pointer; } .ls-videopreview { background-size: cover; background-position: center center; } .ls-videopreview { z-index: 1; } .ls-playvideo { position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 50%; cursor: pointer; z-index: 2; } .ls-autoplay .ls-playvideo, .ls-instant-autoplay .ls-playvideo { display: none !important; } .ls-forcehide { display: none !important; } .ls-yourlogo { position: absolute; z-index: 50; } .ls-slide-transition-wrapper { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 3; } .ls-slide-transition-wrapper, .ls-slide-transition-wrapper * { text-align: left !important; } .ls-slide-transition-tile { position: relative; float: left; } .ls-slide-transition-tile img { visibility: visible; margin: 0 !important; } .ls-curtiles { overflow: hidden; } .ls-curtiles, .ls-nexttiles { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; left: 0; top: 0; } .ls-curtile, .ls-nexttile { overflow: hidden; width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; -o-transform: translateZ(0); -ms-transform: translateZ(0); -moz-transform: translateZ(0); -webkit-transform: translateZ(0); transform: translateZ(0); } .ls-nexttile { display: none; } .ls-3d-container { position: relative; overflow: visible !important; -ms-perspective: none !important; -moz-perspective: none !important; -webkit-perspective: none !important; perspective: none !important; } .ls-3d-box { position: absolute; } .ls-3d-box > div { overflow: hidden; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; background-color: #888; } .ls-3d-box .ls-3d-top, .ls-3d-box .ls-3d-bottom { background-color: #555; } .ls-slide-transition-wrapper, .ls-slide-transition-tile { -ms-perspective: 1500px; -moz-perspective: 1500px; -webkit-perspective: 1500px; perspective: 1500px; } .ls-slide-transition-tile, .ls-3d-box, .ls-curtiles, .ls-nexttiles { -ms-transform-style: preserve-3d; -moz-transform-style: preserve-3d; -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .ls-curtile, .ls-nexttile, .ls-3d-box { -ms-backface-visibility: hidden; -moz-backface-visibility: hidden; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; backface-visibility: hidden; } html body .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-fullsize:not(.ls-hidden), html body .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-fullwidth:not(.ls-hidden), html body .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-responsive:not(.ls-hidden), html body .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-fixedsize:not(.ls-hidden), #ls-global .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-fullsize:not(.ls-hidden), #ls-global .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-fullwidth:not(.ls-hidden), #ls-global .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-responsive:not(.ls-hidden), #ls-global .ls-container.ls-wp-container.ls-fixedsize:not(.ls-hidden) { max-width: 100%; } html body .ls-container.ls-hidden, #ls-global .ls-container.ls-hidden { width: 0px !important; height: 0px !important; position: absolute; left: -5000px; top: -5000px; z-index: -1; overflow: hidden !important; visibility: hidden !important; display: block !important; } .ls-selectable { user-select: text; -ms-user-select: text; -moz-user-select: text; -webkit-user-select: text; } .ls-unselectable { user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; } .ls-visible { overflow: visible !important; clip: auto !important; clip-path: none !important; } .ls-unselectable { user-select: none; -o-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; } .ls-overflow-hidden { overflow: hidden; } .ls-overflowx-hidden { overflow-x: hidden; } html body .ls-overflow-visible, html#ls-global .ls-overflow-visible, body#ls-global .ls-overflow-visible, #ls-global .ls-overflow-visible, .ls-overflow-visible { overflow: visible !important; } .ls-overflowy-hidden { overflow-y: hidden; } .ls-slide { display: block !important; visibility: hidden !important; position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden; top: 0 !important; left: 0 !important; bottom: auto !important; right: auto !important; background: none; border: none !important; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; } .ls-slide > .ls-layer, .ls-slide > .ls-l, .ls-slide > .ls-bg, .ls-slide > a > .ls-layer, .ls-slide > a > .ls-l, .ls-slide > a > .ls-bg { position: absolute !important; white-space: nowrap; } .ls-fullscreen { margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; width: auto !important; height: auto !important; } .ls-fullscreen .ls-container { background-color: black; margin: 0 auto !important; } .ls-fullscreen .ls-fullscreen-wrapper { width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; border: 0 !important; background-color: black; overflow: hidden !important; position: relative !important; } .ls-fullscreen .ls-fullscreen-wrapper .ls-container, .ls-fullscreen .ls-fullscreen-wrapper .ls-wp-container { position: absolute !important; top: 50% !important; left: 50% !important; transform: translate(-50%, -50%) !important; } .ls-layer .split-item { font-weight: inherit !important; font-family: inherit !important; font-size: inherit; color: inherit; } html body .ls-container .ls-layer, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-layer, html body .ls-container .ls-l, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-l { border-width: 0; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; color: #000; font-size: 36px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-repeat: no-repeat; stroke: #000; text-align: left; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; text-transform: none; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0; background-position: 0% 0%; background-clip: border-box; opacity: 1; mix-blend-mode: unset; } .ls-container .ls-layer svg, .ls-container .ls-l svg { width: 1em; height: 1em; display: block; } .ls-container .ls-layer:not(.ls-html-layer), .ls-container .ls-l:not(.ls-html-layer) { stroke-width: 0; } .ls-container .ls-layer:not(.ls-html-layer) svg, .ls-container .ls-l:not(.ls-html-layer) svg { fill: currentColor; } .ls-container .ls-layer.ls-shape-layer svg, .ls-container .ls-layer.ls-svg-layer svg, .ls-container .ls-l.ls-shape-layer svg, .ls-container .ls-l.ls-svg-layer svg { width: 100%; height: 100%; } .ls-container .ls-layer.ls-icon-layer .fa, .ls-container .ls-l.ls-icon-layer .fa { display: block; line-height: inherit; } .ls-container .ls-layer.ls-ib-icon svg, .ls-container .ls-l.ls-ib-icon svg, .ls-container .ls-layer.ls-ib-icon .fa, .ls-container .ls-l.ls-ib-icon .fa { display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; } .ls-container .ls-layer.ls-html-layer svg, .ls-container .ls-l.ls-html-layer svg { display: inline; width: auto; height: auto; } .ls-container .ls-button-layer { cursor: pointer; } .ls-container:not(.ls-hidden) .ls-wrapper:not(.ls-force-display-block) picture.ls-layer img, .ls-container:not(.ls-hidden) .ls-wrapper:not(.ls-force-display-block) picture.ls-l img { width: inherit !important; height: inherit !important; } .ls-container.ls-hidden picture { display: flex !important; } .ls-container.ls-hidden picture.ls-layer img, .ls-container.ls-hidden picture.ls-l img { width: auto; height: auto; } .ls-container .ls-lottie-layer canvas { width: 100% !important; height: 100% !important; display: block; } .ls-l[data-ls-smart-bg], .ls-layer[data-ls-smart-bg], ls-layer[data-ls-smart-bg] { overflow: hidden !important; background-size: 0 0 !important; } .ls-l[data-ls-smart-bg]:before, .ls-layer[data-ls-smart-bg]:before, ls-layer[data-ls-smart-bg]:before { content: ""; display: block; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: -1; width: var(--sw); height: var(--sh); transform: translate(calc(var(--x, 0px) + var(--lx, 0px) + var(--rx, 0px)), calc(var(--y, 0px) + var(--ly, 0px) + var(--ry, 0px))); background-image: inherit; background-size: var(--bgs, inherit); background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; } html body .ls-nav-prev, #ls-global .ls-nav-prev, html body .ls-nav-next, #ls-global .ls-nav-next, html body .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a, #ls-global .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a, html body .ls-container .ls-fullscreen, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-fullscreen, html body .ls-thumbnail a, #ls-global .ls-thumbnail a { transition: none; -ms-transition: none; -webkit-transition: none; line-height: normal; outline: none; padding: 0; border: 0; } html body .ls-wrapper > a, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > a, html body .ls-wrapper > p, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > p, html body .ls-wrapper > h1, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > h1, html body .ls-wrapper > h2, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > h2, html body .ls-wrapper > h3, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > h3, html body .ls-wrapper > h4, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > h4, html body .ls-wrapper > h5, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > h5, html body .ls-wrapper > img, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > img, html body .ls-wrapper > div, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > div, html body .ls-wrapper > span, #ls-global .ls-wrapper > span, html body .ls-wrapper .ls-bg, #ls-global .ls-wrapper .ls-bg, html body .ls-wrapper .ls-layer, #ls-global .ls-wrapper .ls-layer, html body .ls-slide .ls-layer, #ls-global .ls-slide .ls-layer, html body .ls-slide a .ls-layer, #ls-global .ls-slide a .ls-layer { transition: none; -ms-transition: none; -webkit-transition: none; line-height: normal; outline: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; border-width: 0; } html body .ls-container img, #ls-global .ls-container img { transition: none; -ms-transition: none; -webkit-transition: none; line-height: normal; outline: none; background: none; min-width: 0; max-width: none; border-radius: 0; box-shadow: none; border-width: 0; padding: 0; } html body .ls-wp-container .ls-wrapper > a > *, #ls-global .ls-wp-container .ls-wrapper > a > * { margin: 0; } html body .ls-wp-container .ls-wrapper > a, #ls-global .ls-wp-container .ls-wrapper > a { text-decoration: none; } .ls-wp-fullwidth-container, .ls-wp-fullwidth-helper, .ls-gui-element *, .ls-gui-element, .ls-container, .ls-slide > *, .ls-slide, .ls-wrapper, .ls-layer { box-sizing: content-box !important; } html body .ls-yourlogo, #ls-global .ls-yourlogo { margin: 0; } html body .ls-tn, #ls-global .ls-tn { display: none; } .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper, .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper span, .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a { line-height: 0; font-size: 0; } html body .ls-container video, #ls-global .ls-container video { max-width: none !important; object-fit: cover !important; } html body .ls-container.ls-wp-container, #ls-global .ls-container.ls-wp-container, html body .ls-fullscreen-wrapper, #ls-global .ls-fullscreen-wrapper { max-width: none; } html body .ls-container, #ls-global .ls-container, html body .ls-container .ls-slide-transition-wrapper, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-slide-transition-wrapper, html body .ls-container .ls-slide-transition-wrapper *, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-slide-transition-wrapper *, html body .ls-container .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper, html body .ls-container .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper *, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper *, html body .ls-container .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper span *, #ls-global .ls-container .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper span *, html body .ls-direction-fix, #ls-global .ls-direction-fix { direction: ltr !important; } html body .ls-container, #ls-global .ls-container { float: none !important; } .ls-slider-notification { position: relative; margin: 10px auto; padding: 10px 10px 15px 88px; border-radius: 5px; min-height: 60px; background: #de4528; color: white !important; font-family: "Open Sans", arial, sans-serif !important; } .ls-slider-notification a { color: white !important; text-decoration: underline !important; } .ls-slider-notification-logo { position: absolute; top: 16px; left: 17px; width: 56px; height: 56px; font-size: 49px; line-height: 53px; border-radius: 56px; background-color: white; color: #de4528; font-style: normal; font-weight: 800; text-align: center; } .ls-slider-notification strong { color: white !important; display: block; font-size: 20px; line-height: 26px; font-weight: normal !important; } .ls-slider-notification span { display: block; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; text-align: justify !important; } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { .ls-container .ls-layers > .ls-hide-on-phone, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-phone video, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-phone audio, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-phone iframe { display: none !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1024px) { .ls-container .ls-layers > .ls-hide-on-tablet, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-tablet video, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-tablet audio, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-tablet iframe { display: none !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:1025px) { .ls-container .ls-layers > .ls-hide-on-desktop, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-desktop video, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-desktop audio, .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-hide-on-desktop iframe { display: none !important; } } .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-vpcontainer { z-index: 10; } .ls-container .ls-background-videos .ls-videopreview { background-size: cover !important; } .ls-container .ls-background-videos video, .ls-container .ls-background-videos audio, .ls-container .ls-background-videos iframe { position: relative; z-index: 20; } @media (transform-3d),(-ms-transform-3d),(-webkit-transform-3d) { #ls-test3d { position: absolute; left: 9px; height: 3px; } } .ls-z[data-ls-animating-in] .ls-wrapper.ls-in-out, .ls-z[data-ls-animating-out] .ls-wrapper.ls-in-out, .ls-curtile, .ls-nexttile { will-change: transform; } .ls-z[data-ls-animating-in] .ls-layer, .ls-z[data-ls-animating-out] .ls-layer, .ls-curtile, .ls-nexttile { will-change: opacity; } .ls-layer[data-ls-animating-in], .ls-layer[data-ls-animating-out] { will-change: filter; } .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-in] .ls-ln, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-in] .ls-wd, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-in] .ls-ch, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-out] .ls-ln, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-out] .ls-wd, .ls-layer[data-ls-text-animating-out] .ls-ch { will-change: transform; } .ls-z:not([data-ls-hidden]), .ls-z:not([data-ls-hidden]) .ls-wrapper.ls-loop, .ls-z:not([data-ls-hidden]) .ls-wrapper.ls-parallax, .ls-z:not([data-ls-hidden]) .ls-wrapper.ls-scroll-transform, .ls-z:not([data-ls-hidden]) .ls-wrapper.ls-scroll { will-change: transform; } .wpgs-for .slick-arrow::before, .wpgs-nav .slick-prev::before, .wpgs-nav .slick-next::before { color: #000; } .fancybox-bg { background-color: rgba(10, 0, 0, .75); } .fancybox-caption, .fancybox-infobar { color: #fff; } .wpgs-nav .slick-slide { border-color: transparent; } .wpgs-nav .slick-current { border-color: #000; } .wpgs-video-wrapper { min-height: 500px; } #top .avia-font-entypo-fontello-enfold, body .avia-font-entypo-fontello-enfold, html body [data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello-enfold']:before { font-family: "entypo-fontello-enfold"; } #top .avia-font-entypo-fontello, body .avia-font-entypo-fontello, html body [data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello']:before { font-family: "entypo-fontello"; }

Urban Issues and Challenges

Quick Links

Urban Issues and Challenges Booklet

AQA Urban Issues and Challenges Work Booklet

Lesson Resources

Top Pages

Blog Posts

IG Plus

Urban Issues and Challenges

Quick Links

Urban Issues and Challenges Booklet

AQA Urban Issues and Challenges Work Booklet

Lesson Resources

Share this:

Top Pages

Blog Posts

IG Plus

Pin It on Pinterest