Geography Revision
Revision materials to support you in preparing for your GCSE Geography exams.
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Why do people live in tectonically active areas?
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- AQA Paper 1 Revision
- The Challenge of Natural Hazards Revision
- What is a natural hazard?
- Types of Natural Hazards
- Hazard Risk
- Plate Tectonics
- Why do tectonic plates move?
- The global distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes
- Destructive plate margins
- Conservative plate margins
- Constructive plate margins
- Causes of earthquakes
- Measuring Earthquakes
- What are the effects of earthquakes?
- Responses to Earthquakes
- Case Study – HIC Earthquake
- Case Study – LIC Earthquake
- Why do people live in tectonically active areas?
- Managing Tectonic Hazards
- Global Atmospheric Circulation
- The Challenge of Natural Hazards Revision
Revision Notes
Why do people live in tectonically active areas?
Interactive Revision
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Managing tectonic hazards
Several approaches are taken to reduce the risk associated with tectonic hazards. Prediction, monitoring, protection, and planning aim to reduce the damage that earthquakes and volcanic eruptions cause to people and property.
| Strategy | Volcanic Eruptions | Earthquakes |
| Monitoring | Continuous surveillance using seismographs, gas sensors, and satellite imagery to detect signs of volcanic activity. Radon and sulphur gas monitoring involve measuring the concentration of these gases emitted by the volcano. Increases in gas emission can indicate magma movement beneath the surface. | Use of seismographs to monitor earth movements. Installation of GPS systems to detect land deformation. Radon detection involves measuring changes in radon gas levels in the ground, which can sometimes precede earthquakes. |
| Prediction | Analysing patterns of seismic activity, gas emissions, and changes in the volcano’s shape to forecast eruptions. | Forecasting is challenging but involves statistical analysis of seismic data to estimate probabilities of future earthquakes. |
| Protection | Constructing barriers or channels to divert lava flows away from populated areas. Enhancing the strength of buildings to withstand ash fall. | Engineering buildings and infrastructure to withstand seismic forces. Retrofitting older structures to improve earthquake resilience. |
| Planning | Developing evacuation plans and routes. Establishing exclusion zones around volcanoes. Educating the public about emergency procedures. | Developing strict building codes for earthquake-prone areas. Conducting earthquake drills and public education campaigns on preparedness. |
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Global Atmospheric Circulation
